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Basic dermal research

809

Application of Mattek In Vitro Reconstructed Human Skin Models for Safety, Efficacy Screening, and Basic Preclinical Research

During the past three decades, great progress has been achieved in the development of in vitro reconstructed human epidermal (RhE) tissue models. This technology is now available via various manufacturers of commercially available tissue models, and has provided opportunities for researchers worldwide to reduce or even completely avoid in vivo experimentation for screening and prediction of cutaneous […]
557

INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF PARTHENOLIDE-DEPLETED FEVERFEW (TANACETUM PARTHENIUM).

This study by researchers at Johnson and Johnson demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiDerm in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent can be used to measure the effectiveness of a new topical formulation to inhibit TPA-induced release of PGE2 (Prostaglandin E2). Extracts of Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip., a plant known under the common name “Feverfew”, contains […]
553

THE EFFICACY OF ECHINACEA IN A 3-D TISSUE MODEL OF HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM.

This study by researchers at the University of British Columbia and A. Vogel Bioforce AG demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway in vitro 3-D human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalent can be infected with rhinovirus type 1A (RV1A) and then used to evaluate the antirhinovirus efficacy of Echinacea purpurea. Researchers evaluated the antirhinovirus efficacy of a standardized preparation of […]
604

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF POMEGRANATE-DERIVED PRODUCTS ON UVB-MEDIATED DAMAGE IN HUMAN RECONSTITUTED SKIN.

Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly its UVB (290–320 nm) component, is the primary cause of many adverse biological effects including photoageing and skin cancer. UVB radiation causes DNA damage, protein oxidation and induces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Photochemoprevention via the use of botanical antioxidants in affording protection to human skin against UVB damage is receiving increasing […]
605

THE COLIPA SKIN METABOLISM PROJECT: DO IN VITRO ALTERNATIVES COMPRISE ADEQUATE DETOXIFICATION CAPACITIES FOR CHEMICAL TESTING IN SKIN?

Background: The aim of this study is to characterize the specific enzymatic activity of Phase I and II detoxification enzymes in human ex vivo skin compared to skin cell-derived in vitro models. Emphasis was here put on the determination of basal enzyme activity. Conclusions: Basal CYP1A, 1B1 and CYP2B activity is below detection limit in […]
603

INTERNATIONAL PREVALIDATION STUDIES OF THE EPIDERM™ 3D HUMAN RECONSTRUCTED SKIN MICRONUCLEUS (RSMN) ASSAY: TRANSFERABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY.

Recently, a novel in vitro reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay incorporating the EpiDermTM 3D human skin model (Curren et al., Mutat. Res. 607 (2006) 192–204; Mun et al., Mutat. Res. 673 (2009) 92–99) has been shown to produce comparable data when utilized in three different laboratories in the United States (Hu et al., Mutat. Res. […]
602

INCREASED HYALURONAN PRODUCTION AND DECREASED E-CADHERIN EXPRESSION BY CYTOKINE-STIMULATED KERATINOCYTES LEAD TO SPONGIOSIS FORMATION.

The pathogenesis of spongiosis, which is a well-known hallmark of acute eczema, is not fully understood. We sought to clarify the mechanism for the influx of tissue fluid into the epidermis and the loss of cohesion between keratinocytes in acute eczema that result in spongiosis. We first demonstrated increased intercellular accumulation of hyaluronan (HA) in […]
547

Gamma-H2AX AS A BIOMARKER OF DNA DAMAGE INDUCED BY IONIZING RADIATION IN HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES AND ARTIFICIAL SKIN.

This study by researchers at the National Cancer Institute (USA) demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiDermFT full-thickness in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent is an excellent tissue model for performing experiments that measure the DNA damage caused by exposure to ionizing radiation because the tissue is derived from normal (non-transformed) human keratinocyes and fibroblasts. Ionizing radiation […]
541

REGULATION OF TIGHT JUNCTION PERMEABILITY BY SODIUM CAPRATE IN HUMAN KERATINOCYTES AND RECONSTRUCTED EPIDERMIS.

This study by researchers at Pola Chemical Industries Inc. and Jikei University School of Medicine used Mattek’s EpiDerm in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent to investigate the effects of a known intestinal tissue tight junction dialator (sodium caprate) on human skin tissue tight junctions. Tight junctions (TJs) restrict paracellular flux of water and solutes […]
536

THE TRANSPORT PROFILE OF CYTOKINES IN EPIDERMAL EQUIVALENTS SUBJECTED TO MECHANICAL LOADING.

This study by researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology and the University of London demonstrated how Mattek’s EpiDerm in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent can be used to study the use of soft tissue cytokine release as potential biochemical markers for pressure ulcer risk assessment. Pressure ulcer risk assessment might be optimized by incorporating […]
466

AN IN VITRO MODEL SYSTEM TO STUDY THE DAMAGING EFFECTS OF PROLONGED MECHANICAL LOADING OF THE EPIDERMIS.

This study by scientists at the Eindhoven University of Technology demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiDerm human skin tissue equivalent can be used to improve insight in the epidermal damage process due to prolonged mechanical loading, and can serve as a sound basis for effective clinical identification and prevention of pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers are areas of […]
465

SUNSCREEN ENHANCEMENT OF UV-INDUCED REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN THE SKIN.

This study by scientists at UC Riverside and UC Irvine demonstrated that two-photon fluorescence microscopy can be successfully used to image UV-induced ROS generation in both ex vivo skin and the EpiDerm human skin tissue equivalent. Both types of tissues gave identical results for the experimental protocol used, but the EpiDerm tissues provide the added […]
463

CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EFFECT OF URINE ON MECHANICALLY INDUCED SKIN DAMAGE.

As stated in the “Conclusions” section, the main experiment in this study by researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology was performed to determine whether urine makes the skin more susceptible for mechanical loading, and that to make this determination, an experimental setup was successfully developed that made use of (Mattek’s) EpiDerm, s-urine and a custom-built […]
462

CYTOKINE AND CHEMOKINE RELEASE UPON PROLONGED MECHANICAL LOADING OF THE EPIDERMIS.

This study by researchers at the Eindhoven University of Technology and the VU University Medical Center Dept. of Dermatology demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiDerm human epidermal tissue equivalent can be used to study the damage caused by subjecting these epidermal tissues to increasing pressures for 24 hours, and that the resulting epidermal tissue damage could be […]
538

EXPRESSION OF STRATUM CORNEUM LIPID PATHWAYS IN HUMAN SKIN EQUIVALENT CULTURES.

This study by scientists at Procter & Gamble Beauty demonstrated that gene pathways involved in stratum corneum lipid formation are expressed in Mattek’s EpiDermFT full-thickness in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent, suggesting that ths culture system is an appropriate in vitro approach for studying stratum corneum biology. Human skin equivalent cultures contain living human […]
567

XENOBIOTIC METABOLISM GENE EXPRESSION IN THE EPIDERM™ IN VITRO 3D HUMAN EPIDERMIS MODEL COMPARED TO HUMAN SKIN.

There is an urgent need to validate in vitro human skin models for use in safety testing. An important component of validation is characterizing the metabolizing capacity of these models. We report comparison of the expression of 139 genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the EpiDerm™ model and human skin. In microarray analysis, the expression […]
638

DYNAMIC AND PHYSICAL CLUSTERING OF GENE EXPRESSION DURING EPIDERMAL BARRIER FORMATION IN DIFFERENTIATING KERATINOCYTES.

The mammalian epidermis is a continually renewing structure that provides the interface between the organism and an innately hostile environment. The keratinocyte is its principal cell. Keratinocyte proteins form a physical epithelial barrier, protect against microbial damage, and prepare immune responses to danger. Epithelial immunity is disordered in many common diseases and disordered epithelial differentiation […]
607

TRANSCUTANEOUS IMMUNIZATION USING COMMON CHEMICALS.

Transcutaneous immunization, topical application of vaccines on skin, provides several advantages over needle based immunization. However, simple topical application of vaccines does not generate sufficient immune response due to limited transport of vaccines across the stratum corneum of skin. Here we report that chemicals used in common skin products can enhance the immunogenicity of topically […]
606

DIFFUSION MEASUREMENTS IN EPIDERMAL TISSUES WITH FLUORESCENT RECOVERY AFTER PHOTOBLEACHING.

Background/Purpose: Pressure ulcers are areas of soft tissue breakdown, resulting from sustained mechanical loading of the skin and underlying tissues. Measuring biochemical markers that are released upon mechanical loading by the epidermis seems a promising method for objective risk assessment of the development of pressure ulcers. This risk assessment method will better determine the risk […]
554

REGULATION OF APOPTOSIS BY P53 IN UV-IRRADIATED HUMAN EPIDERMIS, PSORIATIC PLAQUES AND SENESCENT KERATINOCYTES.

This study by researchers at Loyola University Medical Center demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiDerm in vitro 3-D human skin tissue equivalent can be used to study the sensitivity and resistance of human epidermal keratinocytes to apoptosis when exposed to UV radiation. The carcinogenic effects of sunlight in human epidermis may be thwarted by either: transient growth […]