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EpiCorneal

1050

Comparison of In Vitro Corneal Permeation and In Vivo Ocular Bioavailability in Rabbits of Three Marketed Latanoprost Formulations

Background and Objective: All latanoprost formulations currently available for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension contain the same concentration of latanoprost (0.005%) but differ in excipients, which may affect corneal drug permeability or stability. This study aimed at comparing corneal penetration of three marketed latanoprost solutions with different excipient formulations in in vitro and […]
1022

Ocular side effects of systemic medications: utilization of the 3D human corneal epithelial tissue model

Many systemic medications administered at high doses have the potential to induce unwanted ocular effects, including light sensitivity, pain, or corneal edema that are due to inflammation and/or cytotoxicity. Current drug screening experiments utilize animal models which are not suitable for rapid drug screening, as they have poor species extrapolation, and lack standardization. There is […]
1014

Optimization and Characterization of Novel ALCAM-Targeting Antibody Fragments for Transepithelial Delivery

Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a cell adhesion molecule that supports T cell activation, leukocyte migration, and (lymph)angiogenesis and has been shown to contribute to the pathology of various immune-mediated disorders, including asthma and corneal graft rejection. In contrast to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting ALCAM’s T cell expressed binding partner CD6, no ALCAM-targeting […]
921

In vitro reconstructed 3D corneal tissue models for ocular toxicology and ophthalmic drug development

Testing of all manufactured products and their ingredients for eye irritation is a regulatory requirement. In the last two decades, the development of alternatives to the in vivo Draize eye irritation test method has substantially advanced due to the improvements in primary cell isolation, cell culture techniques, and media, which have led to improved in […]
908

Dicationic Amino Substituted Gemini Surfactants and their Nanoplexes: Improved Synthesis and Characterization of Transfection Efficiency and Corneal Penetration In Vitro

Purpose- To formulate and characterize nanoparticles from m-7NH-m gemini surfactants, synthesized by a new improved method, for non-invasive gene delivery including optimization of composition for transfection efficiency and corneal penetration. Methods – A one-pot, solvent-free, DMAP-free method was developed for the synthesis of m-7NH-m (m=12– 18) gemini surfactant series. Lipoplexes (LPXs) and nanoplexes (NPXs) of […]
864

Oxidative stress in corneal injuries of different origin: Utilization of 3D human corneal epithelial tissue model

The purpose of the current work was to utilize a three dimensional (3D) corneal epithelial tissue model to study dry eye disease and oxidative stress-related corneal epithelial injuries for the advancement of ocular therapeutics. Air-liquid interface cultures of normal human corneal epithelial cells were used to produce 3D corneal epithelial tissues appropriate for physiologically relevant […]
834

New Human Organotypic Corneal Tissue Model for Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Studies

PURPOSE. The purpose of the current work was to develop a physiologically relevant, in vitro human three-dimensional (3D) corneal epithelial tissue model for use in ophthalmic drug development. METHODS. Normal human corneal epithelial cells were cultured at the air–liquid interface to produce the 3D corneal tissue model. Corneal barrier was determined by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Quantitative PCR arrays […]
829

Infection and Replication of Influenza Virus at the Ocular Surface

Although influenza viruses typically cause respiratory tract disease, some viruses, particularly those with an H7 hemagglutinin, have been isolated from the eyes of conjunctivitis cases. Previous work has shown that isolates of multiple subtypes from both ocular and respiratory infections are capable of replication in human ex vivo ocular tissues and corneal or conjunctival cell […]
819

Azithromycin and Doxycycline Attenuation of Acanthamoeba Virulence in a Human Corneal Tissue Model

Background: Amoebic keratitis is a potentially blinding eye infection caused by ubiquitous, free-living, environmental acanthamoebae, which are known to harbor bacterial endosymbionts. A Chlamydia-like endosymbiont has previously enhanced Acanthamoeba virulence in vitro.We investigated the potential effect of Acanthamoeba-endosymbiont coinfection in a human corneal tissue model representing clinical amoebic keratitis infection. Methods: Environmental and corneal Acanthamoeba isolates from the […]
805

Molecular Mechanism of Ocular Surface Damage: Dry Eye and Wound Healing Models Using in vitro Reconstructed Human Corneal Tissues

Current methods used to investigate mechanisms of corneal wound healing (CWH) and pathogenesis of dry eye disease (DED) utilize monolayer cell cultures or animals, but there is a need for more physiologically relevant, human-based in vitro models for ocular surface research. This study utilized the EpiCorneal tissue model comprised of normal human corneal epithelial cells […]
804

In Vitro Permeation of Latanoprost Eye Drop Formulations in a 3-Dimensional Normal Human Corneal Tissue Model

Permeation of topically applied ocular drugs occurs predominantly through the cornea and therefore absorption studies using corneal tissues play a critical role in ocular drug formulation. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the permeation of Latanoprost eye drops through in vitro reconstructed normal human corneal tissue model. Seven different formulations of Latanoprost eye […]
803

An in vitro Reconstructed Normal Human Corneal Tissue Model for Corneal Drug Delivery Studies of Ophthalmic Formulations

Purpose: Permeation of topically applied ocular drugs occurs predominantly through the cornea and therefore absorption studies using corneal tissues play a critical role in ocular drug formulation. Currently, most ocular absorption studies use in vivo or ex vivo animal tissues that have many disadvantages including poor standardization, species extrapolation, high cost, and ethical concerns. Methods: […]
706

PREDICTING EYE IRRITATION OF AGROCHEMICAL FORMULATIONS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES BY IN VITRO METHODS (BOVINE CORNEAL OPACITY AND PERMEABILITY AND EPIOCULAR EYE IRRITATION TEST).

The bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) test has been adopted by OECD for the identification of corrosive and severe ocular irritants (GHS category 1) for single component substances and multicomponent formulations. Eye irritation tests with human (EIT) reconstructed tissue models (such as EpiOcular) are capable to predict ocular non‐irritants (GHS no category). Thus the […]
746

N,N-DICHLORO-2, 2-DIMETHYLTAURINE, N-MONOCHLORO-2, 2-DIMETHYLTAURINE, AND N-CHLOROTAURINE ARE SAFE AND EFFECTIVE BACTERICIDAL AGENTS IN CORNEAL MODELS.

Background: N-chlorotaurine, NVC-422 (N,N-dichloro-dimethyltaurine) and NVC-612 (N-monochloro-dimethyltaurine) are potent anti-infective agents useful for the treatment of conjunctivitis and keratitis.  The aim of this study is to show that these compounds are safe in an EpiOcular model and effective in corneas infected ex vivo with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Methods: Corneal disks were punched with […]