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STD infection

841

Hyperosmolal vaginal lubricants markedly reduce epithelial barrier properties in a three-dimensional vaginal epithelium model

Most of the widely used vaginal lubricants in the U.S. and Europe are strongly hyperosmolal, formulated with high concentrations of glycerol, propylene glycol, polyquaternary compounds or other ingredients that make these lubricants 4 to 30 times the osmolality of healthy vaginal fluid. Hyperosmolal formulations have been shown to cause marked toxicity to human colorectal epithelia in vivo, and […]
671

PREVENTION OF VAGINAL SHIV TRANSMISSION IN MACAQUES BY A LIVE RECOMBINANT LACTOBACILLUS.

Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmissions in women occur through the cervicovaginal mucosa, which is coated by a bacterial biofilm including Lactobacillus . This commensal bacterium has a role in maintaining a healthy mucosa and can be genetically engineered to produce antiviral peptides. Here, we report a 63 % reduction in transmission of a chimeric […]
747

RECONSTRUCTED VAGINAL-ECTOCERVICAL AND ENDOCERVICAL TISSUE MODELS FOR HSV-2, CHLAMYDIA, AND GONORRHEA INFECTIONS.

Despite extensive efforts, limited success has been achieved in developing tissue models for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), and Neisseria gonorrhea (Ng). The purpose of this study was to utilize highly differentiated, normal human 3-dimensional (NHu-3D) models of human vaginal ectocervical (VEC) and endocervical (VEN) tissues […]
709

ACTIVITY AND SAFETY OF SYNTHETIC LECTINS BASED ON BENZOBOROXOLE-FUNCTIONALIZED POLYMERS FOR INHIBITION OF HIV ENTRY.

Lectins derived from plant and microbial sources constitute a vital class of entry inhibitors that target the oligomannose residues on the HIV envelope gp120. Despite their potency and specificity, success of lectin-based entry inhibitors may be impeded by high manufacturing costs, formulation and potential mitogenicity. Therefore, there exists a gap in the HIV microbicides pipeline […]
685

ANTI-GP120 MINIBODY GENE TRANSFER TO FEMALE GENITAL EPITHELIAL CELLS PROTECTS AGAINST HIV-1 VIRUS CHALLENGE IN VITRO.

Background:  Although cervico-vaginal epithelial cells of the female lower genital tract provide the initial defense system against HIV-1 infection, the protection is sometimes incomplete. Thus, enhancing anti-HIV-1 humoral immunity at the mucosal cell surface by local expression of anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (BnAb) that block HIV-1 entry would provide an important new intervention that could […]
724

DEVELOPMENT OF A COMBINATION MICROBICIDE GEL FORMULATION CONTAINING IQP-0528 AND TENOFOVIR FOR THE PREVENTION OF HIV INFECTION.

In light of the increasing worldwide AIDS pandemic, there is a continuing need to develop new prevention strategies to inhibit the transmission of HIV-1. In the absence of a successful vaccine, topical microbicides represent the best strategies to reduce the epidemic. Following the success of HIV therapeutic cocktail strategies, combinations of microbicides including nucleotide reverse […]