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Respiratory research

881

Use of EpiAlveolar Lung Model to Predict Fibrotic Potential of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Expansion in production and commercial use of nanomaterials increases the potential human exposure during the lifecycle of these materials (production, use, and disposal). Inhalation is a primary route of exposure to nanomaterials; therefore it is critical to assess their potential respiratory hazard. Herein, we developed a three-dimensional alveolar model (EpiAlveolar) consisting of human primary alveolar […]
844

Organotypic in vitro human airway models can recapitulate aspects of pulmonary fibrosis

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a debilitating, typically fatal condition that may be caused by a variety of factors, including occupational and environmental exposures, drugs such as amiodarone and bleomycin, radiation exposure and genetic predisposition. However, in 20-30% of cases the cause is unknown (i.e. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF). Currently approved IPF drugs (pirfenidone, nintedanib) have […]
843

Toxicological comparison of cigarette smoke and e-cigarette aerosol using a 3D in vitro human respiratory model

With the growing prevalence of e-cigarettes as an alternative to conventional cigarettes amongst smokers worldwide, there is a need for new methods to evaluate their relative toxicological profile as part of a safety assessment. Initiatives to replace, reduce and refine animal testing have led to developments of new methodologies utilizing organotypic, in vitro tissue models. […]
835

In Vitro Human Airway Models for Study of Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Mucus Production: Effects of Th2 Cytokines, Double-Stranded RNA, and Tobacco Smoke

Goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) within the epithelium of the conducting airways is a common feature of human respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GCH can be initiated or exacerbated by environmental agents, including air pollution, viral infection, and tobacco smoke. Experimental model systems for investigating causes of GCH and possible remedies are therefore of high […]
794

Development of an in vitro cytotoxicity model for aerosol exposure using 3D reconstructed human airway tissue; application for assessment of e-cigarette aerosol

Development of physiologically relevant test methods to analyse potential irritant effects to the respiratory tract caused by e-cigarette aerosols is required. This paper reports the method development and optimisation of an acute in vitro MTT cytotoxicity assay using human 3D reconstructed airway tissues and an aerosol exposure system. The EpiAirway™ tissue is a highly differentiated in vitro human […]
806

Antiviral Activity of Ribavirin, 2’,3’-Dideoxicitidine, Pirodavir, Oseltamivir and Infergen™ against RSV, Adeno-2, Rhino-14, Influenza and HCoV-EMC Infection in Differentiated Normal Bronchial Epithelial (dNHBE) Cells

The antiviral activity of ribavirin, 2’,3’-ddC, pirodavir, oseltamivir and Infergen™ was evaluated against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus type 2, rhinovirus type 14, influenza, and human coronavirus HCoV-EMC in a highly differentiated, three-dimensional, ex vivo model of normal human bronchial (dNHBE) cells. Antiviral activity was measured by virus yield reduction assays 3-6 days after infection in the presence of […]
552

DAS181, A SIALIDASE FUSION PROTEIN, PROTECTS HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM AGAINST INFLUENZA VIRUS INFECTION: AN IN VITRO PHARMACODYNAMIC ANALYSIS.

This study by researchers at NexBio and the University of Hong Kong demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway in vitro 3-D human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalent can be used to model the pharmacodynamics of a new drug formulation that inhibits influenza virus infection. Objectives: The influenza virus (IFV) infection models commonly used to evaluate antiviral agents (e.g. MDCK […]