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Respiratory Disease

946

Organic Cation Transporters (OCTs/OCTNs) in Human Primary Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Alveolar epithelium, besides exerting a key role in gas exchange and surfactant production, plays important functions in host defense and inflammation. Pathological conditions associated to alveolar dysfunction include Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).The use of predictive in vitro models of human alveolar epithelium is […]
925

Menthol in electronic cigarettes: A contributor to respiratory disease?

Menthol is widely used in tobacco products. This study compared the effects of menthol on human bronchial epithelium using submerged cultures, a VITROCELL® cloud chamber that provides air liquid interface (ALI) exposure without solvents or heating, and a Cultex ALI system that delivers aerosol equivalent to that inhaled during vaping. In submerged culture, menthol significantly […]
881

Use of EpiAlveolar Lung Model to Predict Fibrotic Potential of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

Expansion in production and commercial use of nanomaterials increases the potential human exposure during the lifecycle of these materials (production, use, and disposal). Inhalation is a primary route of exposure to nanomaterials; therefore it is critical to assess their potential respiratory hazard. Herein, we developed a three-dimensional alveolar model (EpiAlveolar) consisting of human primary alveolar […]
871

Dysregulated repair and inflammatory responses by e‐cigarette derived inhaled nicotine and humectant propylene glycol in a sex dependent manner in mouse lung

Nicotine inhalation via electronic cigarettes (e‐cigs) is an emerging concern. However, little is known about the acute toxicity in the lungs following inhalation of nicotine containing e‐cig aerosols. We hypothesized that acute exposure to aerosolized nicotine causes lung toxicity by eliciting inflammatory and dysregulated repair responses. Adult C57BL/6J mice were exposed 2 hours daily for […]
858

Repeated long-term exposures of multi-walled carbon nanotubes to the 3D human lung model EpiAlveolar to predict the onset of fibrosis

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with their extraordinary properties (e.g. stiffness, electrical conductivity, etc.) are among the most commonly used nanomaterials [1]. Human exposure to MWCNTs can occur throughout their life-cycle via inhalation [2,3], causing potential adverse effects, such as pulmonary fibrosis as was shown in animal experiments [4]. Therefore, there is a need to design […]
835

In Vitro Human Airway Models for Study of Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Mucus Production: Effects of Th2 Cytokines, Double-Stranded RNA, and Tobacco Smoke

Goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) within the epithelium of the conducting airways is a common feature of human respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GCH can be initiated or exacerbated by environmental agents, including air pollution, viral infection, and tobacco smoke. Experimental model systems for investigating causes of GCH and possible remedies are therefore of high […]