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Ocular irritation

997

Determination and Sub-categorization of Ocular Irritants Using the EpiOcular Tissue Model – Prediction Models for Liquids and Solids

Assessment of serious eye damage/eye irritation originally involved the use of laboratory animals (OECD TG 405). In 2015, a new test guideline (OECD TG 492) was accepted which enables the use of an in vitro procedure based on reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium (RhCE) to distinguish between chemicals (substances and mixtures) not requiring classification and those […]
996

Health safety of parabens evaluated by selected in vitro methods

Seven selected parabens (4 allowed, 3 banned in cosmetics) were tested in order to confirm and expand historical data on their toxicological properties and safety. The aim was to apply novel in vitro methods, which have been sufficiently technically and scientifically validated for the purposes of toxicological testing of chemicals. The study included several toxicological […]
921

In vitro reconstructed 3D corneal tissue models for ocular toxicology and ophthalmic drug development

Testing of all manufactured products and their ingredients for eye irritation is a regulatory requirement. In the last two decades, the development of alternatives to the in vivo Draize eye irritation test method has substantially advanced due to the improvements in primary cell isolation, cell culture techniques, and media, which have led to improved in […]
911

In vitro evaluation of immunobiological activity of simple mannolipids

Immunomodulation, cytotoxicity and anti-cancer activity of selected amphiphilic non-ionic (thio)alkyl α-Dmannosides (with aglycone of C6-C12) were investigated in vitro in human cervix epitheloid carcinoma cell line HeLa, murine melanoma cancer cells B16, murine lymphocytic leukemia cell line L1210, murine fibroblast cell line NIH 3 T3 and murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Toxicological studies revealed […]
864

Oxidative stress in corneal injuries of different origin: Utilization of 3D human corneal epithelial tissue model

The purpose of the current work was to utilize a three dimensional (3D) corneal epithelial tissue model to study dry eye disease and oxidative stress-related corneal epithelial injuries for the advancement of ocular therapeutics. Air-liquid interface cultures of normal human corneal epithelial cells were used to produce 3D corneal epithelial tissues appropriate for physiologically relevant […]
824

CON4EI: EpiOcular™ Eye Irritation Test (EpiOcular™ EIT) for hazard identification and labeling of eye irritating chemicals

Assessment of the acute eye irritation potential is part of the international regulatory requirements for testing of chemicals. The objective of the CON4EI project was to develop tiered testing strategies for eye irritation assessment. A set of 80 reference chemicals (38 liquids and 42 solids) was tested with eight different methods. Here, the results obtained with the EpiOcular™ […]
812

Eye irritation testing of nanomaterials using the EpiOcular™ eye irritation test and the bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay

Background: Assessment of eye irritation hazard has long been a core requirement in any chemical legislation. Nevertheless, publications focusing on the eye damaging potential of nanomaterials are scarce. Traditionally, eye irritation testing was performed using rabbits. The OECD Test Guideline 437 Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test method allows determining severely irritating substances without animals, and the […]
749

OCULAR TOXICITY OF AUTHENTIC LUNAR DUST.

Background: Dust exposure is a well-known occupational hazard for terrestrial workers and astronauts alike and will continue to be a concern as humankind pursues exploration and habitation of objects beyond Earth. Humankind’s limited exploration experience with the Apollo Program indicates that exposure to dust will be unavoidable. Therefore, NASA must assess potential toxicity and recommend […]
729

COSMETICS EUROPE MULTI-LABORATORY PRE-VALIDATION OF THE EPIOCULAR™ RECONSTITUTED HUMAN TISSUE TEST METHOD FOR THE PREDICTION OF EYE IRRITATION.

Cosmetics Europe, The Personal Care Association (known as Colipa before 2012), conducted a program of  technology transfer andwithin/between laboratory reproducibility of Mattek Corporation’s EpiOcular™  Eye Irritation Test (EIT) as one of the two human reconstructed tissue test methods. This EIT EpiOcular™ used a single exposure period for each chemical and a prediction model based on […]
673

IN-HOUSE VALIDATION OF THE EPIOCULAR™ EYE IRRITATION TEST AND ITS COMBINATION WITH THE BOVINE CORNEAL OPACITY AND PERMEABILITY TEST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF OCULAR IRRITATION.

In 2009, the Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) test was accepted by the regulatory bodies for the identification of corrosive and severe ocular irritants (Global Harmonised System [GHS] Category 1). However, no in vitro test is currently accepted for the differentiation of ocular irritants (GHS Category 2) and non-irritants (GHS No Category). Human reconstructed […]
706

PREDICTING EYE IRRITATION OF AGROCHEMICAL FORMULATIONS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES BY IN VITRO METHODS (BOVINE CORNEAL OPACITY AND PERMEABILITY AND EPIOCULAR EYE IRRITATION TEST).

The bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) test has been adopted by OECD for the identification of corrosive and severe ocular irritants (GHS category 1) for single component substances and multicomponent formulations. Eye irritation tests with human (EIT) reconstructed tissue models (such as EpiOcular) are capable to predict ocular non‐irritants (GHS no category). Thus the […]
746

N,N-DICHLORO-2, 2-DIMETHYLTAURINE, N-MONOCHLORO-2, 2-DIMETHYLTAURINE, AND N-CHLOROTAURINE ARE SAFE AND EFFECTIVE BACTERICIDAL AGENTS IN CORNEAL MODELS.

Background: N-chlorotaurine, NVC-422 (N,N-dichloro-dimethyltaurine) and NVC-612 (N-monochloro-dimethyltaurine) are potent anti-infective agents useful for the treatment of conjunctivitis and keratitis.  The aim of this study is to show that these compounds are safe in an EpiOcular model and effective in corneas infected ex vivo with P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Methods: Corneal disks were punched with […]