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Micronucleus Assay

963

Organotypic 3D primary human nasal tissue model for toxicological studies

The nasal mucosa serves as the first line of defense against inhaled chemicals, drugs, and respiratory infections. Here we developed a novel in vitro primary human cell-based 3D human nasal epithelial tissue (NET) cultured on a cell culture insert with a porous (0.4 μm) membrane bottom at an air-liquid interface (ALI). The NET model was […]
962

Development of reconstructed intestinal micronucleus cytome (RICyt) assay in 3D human gut model for genotoxicity assessment of orally ingested substances

The micronucleus (MN) assay is widely used as part of a battery of tests applied to evaluate the genotoxic potential of chemicals, including new food additives and novel food ingredients. Micronucleus assays typically utilise homogenous in vitro cell lines which poorly recapitulate the physiology, biochemistry and genomic events in the gut, the site of first […]
920

Validation of the 3D reconstructed human skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay: an animal-free alternative for following-up positive results from standard in vitro genotoxicity assays

In vitro test batteries have become the standard approach to determine the genotoxic potential of substances of interest across industry sectors. While useful for hazard identification, standard in vitro genotoxicity assays in 2D cell cultures have limited capability to predict in vivo outcomes and may trigger unnecessary follow-up animal studies or the loss of promising […]
901

The 3D reconstructed skin micronucleus assay: considerations for optimal protocol design

Implementation of the seventh amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive has driven much research into suitable in vitro alternative assays to support satisfactory risk assessments. One such assay is the reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay. First reported in 2006, further development occurred and a standard protocol was published in 2011. To evaluate and optimize the […]
830

Validation of the In Vitro Reconstructed Skin Micronucleus Assay as a Potential Animal Alternative for Fragrance Materials

The in vitro reconstructed skin micronucleus assay is a skin-based assay which measures the clastogenicity and aneugenicity potential of chemical materials and mixtures. Reconstructed skin models are prepared from primary human cells and are expected to have DNA repair and cell cycle control mechanisms similar to in vivo systems. They are also expected to exhibit a human metabolic capability that is […]
807

The EpiDerm 3D human reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay: Historical control data and proof of principle studies for mechanistic assay adaptations

The in vitro human reconstructed skin micronucleus (RSMN) assay in EpiDerm is a promising novel animal alternative for evaluating genotoxicity of topically applied chemicals. It is particularly useful for assessing cosmetic ingredients that can no longer be tested using in vivo assays. To advance the use of this test especially for regulatory decision-making, we have […]