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Asthma

835

In Vitro Human Airway Models for Study of Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Mucus Production: Effects of Th2 Cytokines, Double-Stranded RNA, and Tobacco Smoke

Goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) within the epithelium of the conducting airways is a common feature of human respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GCH can be initiated or exacerbated by environmental agents, including air pollution, viral infection, and tobacco smoke. Experimental model systems for investigating causes of GCH and possible remedies are therefore of high […]
631

FILTER-WELL TECHNOLOGY FOR ADVANCED THREE-DIMENSIONAL CELL CULTURE: PERSPECTIVES FOR RESPIRATORY RESEARCH.

Cell culture has long been a valuable tool for studying cell behaviour. Classical plastic substrates are two-dimensional, and usually promote cellular proliferation and inhibit differentiation. Understanding cell behaviour within complex multicellular tissues requires the systematic study of cells within the context of specific model microenvironments. A model system must mimic, to a certain degree, the […]
760

Phenotypic Responses of Differentiated Asthmatic Human Airway Epithelial Cultures to Rhinovirus

Objectives: Human airway epithelial cells are the principal target of human rhinovirus (HRV), a common cold pathogen that triggers the majority of asthma exacerbations. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate an in vitro air liquid interface cultured human airway epithelial cell model for HRV infection, and 2) to identify gene expression patterns […]
619

NOTCH SIGNALING PROMOTES AIRWAY MUCOUS METAPLASIA AND INHIBITS ALVEOLAR DEVELOPMENT.

The airways are conduits that transport atmospheric oxygen to the distal alveolus. Normally, airway mucous cells are rare. However, diseases of the airway are often characterized by mucous metaplasia, in which there are dramatic increases in mucous cell numbers. As the Notch pathway is known to regulate cell fate in many contexts, we misexpressed the […]
242

CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLAMMATORY MEDIATOR RELEASE FROM AN IN VITRO HUMAN TRACHEAL/BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL TISSUE MODEL.

Monolayer cultures of human-derived tracheal/bronchial epithelial (TBE) cells have been instrumental in understanding the mechanisms of respiratory tract pathologies such as cystic fibrosis, asthma, and tracheal and bronchial inflammation. However, cells in monolayer culture lack the differentiated function of normal in vivo tissue. For instance, monolayer cells are not polarized, they lack cilia and tight […]
446

CYTOKINE-INDUCED GOBLET CELL HYPERPLASIA IN THE (EPIAIRWAY-FT) IN VITRO FULL-THICKNESS HUMAN AIRWAY MODEL.

This study by Mattek Corp. scientists demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway-FT in vitro full thickness human airway tissue equivalent is superior to previous airway in vitro tissue equivalents because it provides in vivo-like epithelial cell/fibroblast/matrix interactions, an important aspect of many airway diseases, allowing more accurate in vitro study of these airway phenomena. RATIONALE: In vitro […]
663

MECHANISMS OF GOBLET CELL HYPERPLASIA INDUCED BY SIMULATED VIRAL EXPOSURE OR TH2 CYTOKINES.

Introduction:  Goblet cell hyperplasia is a common feature of respiratory epithelial response to numerous environmental challenges (e.g. cigarette smoke, air pollution, viral infection) and is also commonly observed in respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma (1-4).  In the current work we sought to reproduce goblet cell hyperplasia in an organotypic […]
370

MICROARRAY EXPRESSION STUDIES ON AN IN VITRO MODEL OF HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM (EPIAIRWAY).

This study by researchers at the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University’s Centre for Gene Function and Mattek Corp. demonstrated how Mattek’s EpiAirway in vitro human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalent can be used to identify genes and processes involved in the development of human respiratory epithelium and its defenses. Microarray technology now permits analysis […]
521

TISSUE ENGINEERED IN VITRO HUMAN AIRWAY MODELS (EPIAIRWAY) OF ASTHMA AND COPD.

This study by scientists at Mattek Corp. demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway and EpiAirway-FT in vitro human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalents can be produced from airway epithelium of diseased individuals, and that these tissues are excellent in vitro human models of asthma and COPD providing important unique attributes that animal models cannot provide, including the ability to […]
484

CD137/CD137L EXPRESSION AND SIGNALING IN IN VITRO MODELS OF HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM, DENDRITIC CELLS AND T-CELLS.

This study by scientists at Mattek Corp. demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway in vitro human airway tissue model and Mattek’s Human Dendritic Cells are excellent in vitro models for studying the signaling of CD137, a potent T-cell co-stimulatory molecule related to human diseases including cancer and asthma. CD137 is a potent T-cell co-stimulatory molecule that has […]
509

ROLE OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR (TLR) ACTIVATION IN ASTHMA EXACERBATION: EXPERIMENTS WITH IN VITRO MODELS OF HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS (EPIAIRWAY) AND EPITHELIAL CELL/FIBROBLAST CO-CULTURES (EPIAIRWAY-FT).

This study by Mattek Corp. scientists demonstrated that Mattek’s EpiAirway and EpiAirway-FT in vitro human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalents are excellent tools for performing mechanistic studies of signaling pathways related to asthma exacerbations. INTRODUCTION: Respiratory infections are a major cause of asthma exacerbations. The airway epithelium expresses innate responses to infectious agents via TLRs. We investigated […]
168

RECONSTRUCTED, DIFFERENTIATED AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CULTURES TO DETECT OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA CAUSING AGENTS.

Normal human tracheal-bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) have been cultured using serum free medium to form a three dimensional tissue-like structure that closely resembles the epithelial tissue of the respiratory tract. Histological cross-sections of both the in vitro tissue and a normal human bronchiole reveal a four layer, bipartite structure. Transmission electron microscopy revealed numerous cilia […]
696

HISTAMINE MAY INDUCE AIRWAY REMODELING THROUGH RELEASE OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR LIGANDS FROM BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that is associated with airway remodeling, including hyperplasia of airway epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells, and goblet cell differentiation. We wished to address the potential role of histamine, a key biogenic amine involved in allergic reactions, in airway remodeling through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway. […]
332

AN IN VITRO MODEL OF FULL-THICKNESS HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIUM (EPIAIRWAY-FT) FOR STUDY OF EPITHELIUM/MATRIX INTERACTIONS.

In vitro models of airway epithelium (AE) have potential utility for study of diseases such as asthma and COPD, development of inhalable therapeutics, and toxicology of hazardous chemicals. However, degradation and remodeling of subepithelial stromal tissue are important aspects of many airway disease states, and are strongly influenced by fibroblasts (FB) residing in stromal tissue. […]
731

APPLICATION OF ORGANOTYPIC IN VITRO HUMAN CELL CULTURE MODELS FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF INHALATION PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS TARGETING THE PROXIMAL AIRWAYS.

Delivery of pharmaceuticals via inhalation is a potentially useful alternative to intravenous injection for drugs that are unstable or poorly absorbed after oral administration; for chronic disease conditions that require frequent administration: or therapeutics for which the airways are the intended target. The proximal airways are common targets for drugs Intended to treat inflammatory conditions […]
591

CIGARETTE SMOKE ALTERS TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE 1 AND MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE 9 LEVELS IN THE BASOLATERAL SECRETIONS OF HUMAN ASTHMATIC BRONCHIAL EPITHELIUM IN VITRO.

Background: Asthma, a major cause of chronic lung disease worldwide, has increased in prevalence in all age and ethnic groups, particularly in urban areas where cigarette smoking is common. Cigarette smoke (CS) significantly impacts the development of asthma and is strongly associated with increased asthma-related morbidity. Purpose: To evaluate bioinformatic analyses predicting that CS would […]
410

TH2 CYTOKINE STIMULATED AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS DEMONSTRATE GRANULE-DEPENDENT FasL LOCALIZATION.

This study by researchers at St. Paul’s Hospital / University of British Columbia demonstrated how Mattek’s EpiAirway human airway tissue equivalent can be used to investigate if the localization and presentation of an airway epithelial cell constituent, Fas Ligand (FasL), is dependant on the inflammatory state of the airway tissue. Background: Airway epithelium has been […]
267

TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNFα) INDUCTION OF THYMUS AND ACTIVATION REGULATED CHEMOKINE (TARC) EXPRESSION IS MEDIATED BY 15-LIPOXYGENASE 15-(LOX)-2 IN THE EPIAIRWAY™ HUMAN TRACHEAL/BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL MODEL.

RATIONALE: T-Helper 2-type (TH2) T cells play a predominant role in human airway inflammation and asthma. TARC, a specific chemoattractant for TH2 cells, is induced by TNFα treatment of human airway cells, however, the cellular pathways involved in mediating TARC induction by TNFα are not fully understood. METHODS: Researchers at the Vanderbilt University School of […]
256

EXPRESSION OF 15-LIPOXYGENASE-2 IN THE EPIAIRWAY™ IN VITRO HUMAN TRACHEAL/BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL MODEL: REGULATION BY TNF-α AND INF-γ.

15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15[S]-HETE) is the predominate arachidonic acid (AA) metabolite produced by human tracheal/bronchial tissue. This product of the 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) enzyme is believed to play a significant role in human airway inflammation and respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis and asthma. In the current work performed by scientists at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and […]