DRUG/XENOBIOTIC-METABOLIZING ENZYME (XME) EXPRESSION IN THE EPIAIRWAY IN VITRO HUMAN AIRWAY MODEL: UTILITY FOR ASSESSING TRACHEAL/BRONCHIAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF INHALED PHARMACEUTICALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS.

This study by MatTek Corp. scientists demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway human airway tissue equivalent possesses numerous in vivo-like xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme (XME) activities and therefore should be useful for evaluating the airway metabolism of drugs, tobacco smoke and environmental/occupational chemicals. Human tracheal/bronchial epithelium contains xenobiotic metabolizing capabilities provided by a variety of phase I (oxidative) and phase II (conjugative) enzyme systems. These XMEs can play an important role in biotransformation of inhaled drugs, tobacco smoke and environmental/ occupational chemicals. Biotransformation of inhaled chemicals may lead to altered drug activity or formation of toxic/mutagenic metabolites. This study evaluated expression of XMEs in EpiAirway, a highly differentiated in vitro model of human tracheal/bronchial epithelium that is cultured at the air-liquid interface to facilitate in vivo-like chemical exposures (AIR-100). RT-PCR gene expression experiments were conducted to evaluate baseline and inducible expression of CYP isoforms in EpiAirway cultures derived from 4 individual donors. CYP1A1 (weak), CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6 (weak), CYP2C8 (weak), CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A5 were expressed constitutively, while CYP3A4 and 3A7 were not detected. 3-Methylcholanthrene (3MC) strongly increased expression of CYP1A1 and slightly increased CYP2B6 and CYP2C8 expression. Thus CYP expression in EpiAirway showed a high concordance with CYP expression reported for in vivo human bronchial epithelium. Total GST activity in EpiAirway was also evaluated by measuring conjugation of glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. High baseline GST activity was not further enhanced by 3MC treatment. The results demonstrate that the EpiAirway in vitro human tracheal/bronchial epithelial model possesses numerous in vivo-like XME activities and may thus be useful for evaluating airway metabolism of drugs, tobacco smoke and environmental/occupational chemicals.

3-Methylcholanthrene (3MC), AIR-100, Biotransformation, CPY3A7, CYP expression, CYP isoforms, CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, Conjugative phase II enzymes, Drug metabolizing enzyme, Drugs, Environmental chemicals, EpiAirway, Human tracheal/bronchial epithelium, In vivo-like XME activities, Inhaled pharmaceuticals, Metabolism, Mucociliary epithelium, Mutagenic metabolites, Occupational chemicals, Oxidative phase I enzymes, Pseudostratified epithelium, Tobacco smoke, Toxic metabolites, Xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme (XME)

1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, 3-methycholanthrene, 4-methylumbellipherone, Ethoxyresorufin