134

COMPARISON OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO HUMAN SKIN RESPONSES TO CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND INGREDIENTS WITH A RANGE OF IRRITANCY POTENTIAL.

Perkins, M. A., Osborne, R., Robinson, M. K., Rana,F., Ghassemi, A., Hall, B. The Procter & Gamble Company, Corporate Professional & Regulatory Services Division, Cincinnati, OH.
Abstract

Human skin equivalent cultures are being investigated as a pre-clinical skin irritation screen to aid in the design of safe and efficient human studies. Our approach has been to directly compare in vitro to in vivo human skin responses using historic or concurrent skin response data for products and ingredients including surfactants, cosmetics, antiperspirants and deodorants (AP/DO). The in vivo data consisted of visual scores (i.e., erythema and edema) from skin patch tests and diary accounts of skin irritation from product use studies. For the in vitro studies we evaluated cornified, air-interfaced human skin cultures (EpiDerm) using methods to parallel human clinical protocols by topical dosing of neat or diluted test substances to the stratum corneum surface of the skin cultures. In the in vitro studies we evaluated endpoints that we have shown previously to be relevant to human skin irritation in vivo, including the MTT metabolism assay of cell viability, enzyme release (lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase) and inflammatory cytokine expression (Interleukin-1α). For surfactants, dose-response curves of MTT cell viability data clearly distinguished strongly irritating from milder surfactants, and rank ordered irritancy potential in a manner similar to in vivo 3-patch test results. For AP/DO products, all the in vitro endpoints correlated well with consumer report irritation (r=0.78-0.94), with IL-1α release showing the greatest capacity to distinguish irritancy over a broad range. IL-1α also showed the best prediction of human skin scores from 14-day cumulative irritancy tests of cosmetic products. These results confirm the potential value of cornified human skin cultures as an in vitro pre-clinical screen for prediction of human skin irritation responses, and identify the need to customize in vitro endpoints for prediction of different product classes.

Keywords

Antiperspirants, Cosmetics, Cutaneous irritancy, Cutaneous irritation, Cutaneous toxicity, Cytokines, Deodorants, Dermal irritancy, Dermal irritancy testing, Dermal irritation, Endpoints, MTT, EpiDerm, IL-1a, Inflammation, Inflammatory cytokine, Inflammatory cytokine expression, MTT, MTT ET-50 tissue viability assay, MTT assay, Personal care products, Skin irritancy, Skin irritation, Surfactants, Surfactants, irritancy/irritancy potential, Viability

Request a copy of this paper, click here.