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Tobacco

1103

Developing a Repeated Exposure Regimen Using a Buccal Epithelium-Fibroblast Tissue Model

Background:  Oral tobacco products (OTPs) are considered potentially reduced-risk alternatives to traditional combustible cigarettes within the tobacco harm reduction paradigm. However, their mechanistic toxicity profiles, particularly local effects on oral tissues, remain insufficiently characterized. Current mechanistic assays have largely focused on single exposure designs, which are limited in their ability to capture the potential cumulative […]
1028

In vitro permeation of nicotine and tobacco specific nitrosamines from smokeless tobacco product extracts in a 3D buccal tissue model

Tobacco product use is a risk factor in the development of oral cancer, although epidemiology studies show this risk is far less with smokeless tobacco product use than cigarette smoking. While smokeless tobacco contains harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs), the oral permeation of HPHCs in oral tobacco products is not completely understood. To improve […]
971

Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response of smokeless tobacco extracts and cytotoxicity of combustible cigarette whole smoke in a 3D oral organotypic buccal cell model

Oral disease is frequently associated with viral and environmental exposures and oral hygiene. The use of tobacco is a risk factor in the development of oral disease. Cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress have been reported to have a role in the development of oral disease. These three endpoints were evaluated in a 3D human […]
925

Menthol in electronic cigarettes: A contributor to respiratory disease?

Menthol is widely used in tobacco products. This study compared the effects of menthol on human bronchial epithelium using submerged cultures, a VITROCELL® cloud chamber that provides air liquid interface (ALI) exposure without solvents or heating, and a Cultex ALI system that delivers aerosol equivalent to that inhaled during vaping. In submerged culture, menthol significantly […]
866

Evaluating the Inflammatory and Genotoxic Effects of Smokeless Tobacco Using a Human Organotypic Model of Oral Epithelium

In addition to the well-known effects of tobacco use on the causation of lung and cardiovascular disease, tobacco use is also implicated as a major cause of oral cavity disease that leads to thousands of deaths per year. Snus, a smokeless tobacco applied to the oral cavity, has been proposed as a less harmful alternative […]
842

In vitro systems toxicology approach to investigate the effects of repeated cigarette smoke exposure on human buccal and gingival organotypic epithelial tissue cultures

Smoking has been associated with diseases of the lung, pulmonary airways and oral cavity. Cytologic, genomic and transcriptomic changes in oral mucosa correlate with oral preneoplasia, cancer and inflammation (e.g. periodontitis). Alteration of smoking-related gene expression changes in oral epithelial cells is similar to that in bronchial and nasal epithelial cells. Using a systems toxicology approach, we have previously […]
836

Characterization and Application of the VITROCELL VC1 Smoke Exposure System and 3D EpiAirway Models for Toxicological and e-Cigarette Evaluations

The VITROCELL VC1® smoke exposure machine is an aerosol exposure system that has been used to conduct toxicological assessments with cigarettes and e-cigarettes and can be used with the human 3D EpiAirway™ tissue model (MatTek Corporation). The goals of this study were to assess exposure parameters of the VC1, and evaluate donor-to-donor variability of three EpiAirway tissue donors […]
835

In Vitro Human Airway Models for Study of Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Mucus Production: Effects of Th2 Cytokines, Double-Stranded RNA, and Tobacco Smoke

Goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) within the epithelium of the conducting airways is a common feature of human respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. GCH can be initiated or exacerbated by environmental agents, including air pollution, viral infection, and tobacco smoke. Experimental model systems for investigating causes of GCH and possible remedies are therefore of high […]
811

Systems Toxicology Assessment of the Biological Impact of a Candidate Modified Risk Tobacco Product on Human Organotypic Oral Epithelial Cultures

Cigarette smoke (CS) has been reported to increase predisposition to oral cancer and is also recognized as a risk factor for many conditions including periodontal diseases, gingivitis, and other benign mucosal disorders. Smoking cessation remains the most effective approach for minimizing the risk of smoking-related diseases. However, reduction of harmful constituents by heating rather than combusting tobacco, without modifying the amount […]
799

In vitro systems toxicology approach to investigate the effects of repeated cigarette smoke exposure on human buccal and gingival organotypic epithelial tissue cultures

Smoking has been associated with diseases of the lung, pulmonary airways and oral cavity. Cytologic, genomic and transcriptomic changes in oral mucosa correlate with oral preneoplasia, cancer and inflammation (e.g. periodontitis). Alteration of smoking-related gene expression changes in oral epithelial cells is similar to that in bronchial and nasal epithelial cells. Using a systems toxicology approach, we have previously […]
794

Development of an in vitro cytotoxicity model for aerosol exposure using 3D reconstructed human airway tissue; application for assessment of e-cigarette aerosol

Development of physiologically relevant test methods to analyse potential irritant effects to the respiratory tract caused by e-cigarette aerosols is required. This paper reports the method development and optimisation of an acute in vitro MTT cytotoxicity assay using human 3D reconstructed airway tissues and an aerosol exposure system. The EpiAirway™ tissue is a highly differentiated in vitro human […]
428

CHARACTERISATION OF AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER AND RELATED MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH.

This study by researchers at Cardiff University (UK), the Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera (Spain) and the University of Vermont (USA) demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalent can be used as an in vitro model to measure the toxicity of nicotine to human respiratory epithelia. For many research laboratories interested in utilizing […]
395

BENZO[A]PYRENE-INDUCED ORAL CARCINOGENESIS AND CHEMOPREVENTION – STUDIES IN BIOENGINEERED HUMAN TISSUE.

This study by scientists at the University of South Carolina, the Medical University of South Carolina and MatTek Corp. demonstrated that studies based on MatTek’s EpiGingival in vitro human gingival tissue equivalent provided an improved method for understanding and preventing/treating smoking-induced oral cancer. Oral cancer, originating from smoking-induced lesions of the basal cells in the […]
507

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EPIORAL IN VITRO HUMAN TISSUE MODEL FOR ORAL IRRITANCY TESTING.

This study by researchers at British American Tobacco and Advanced Technologies Ltd. demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiOral in vitro human buccal (inner cheek) tissue equivalent is an excellent in vitro model for analyzing the human oral irritation potential of tobacco products. The EpiOral™ tissue model (ORL-200), developed by the MatTek Corporation (Ashland, MA, USA), consists of […]
263

GINGIVAL TISSUE MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF IRRITANCY OF ORAL CARE PRODUCTS.

The development of human reconstructed tissues of the oral cavity that express in vivo-like differentiated characteristics would be important to better understand and develop therapies for gum disease, oral cancer, lesions due to smokeless tobacco, and gingivitis, amongst other diseases of the oral mucosa. In vitro tissue models would be used to assess the biocompatibility […]
494

GENOMIC BIOMARKERS OF PULMONARY EXPOSURE TO TOBACCO SMOKE COMPONENTS.

This study by researchers at the Cardiff University School of Biosciences demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway in vitro human tracheal/bronchial tissue equivalent can be used to accurately model the genetic effects of tobacco smoke component exposure on human respiratory epithelium. Background: Associations between smoking and the development of tobacco-related diseases in humans have historically been assessed […]
483

AN IN VITRO APPROACH TO ASSESS THE TOXICITY OF INHALED TOBACCO SMOKE COMPONENTS: NICOTINE, CADMIUM, FORMALDEHYDE AND URETHANE.

This study by researchers at Cardiff University demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway human airway in vitro tissue model is an excellent tool for screening the toxicity of inhaled compounds. One of the first lines of defence to inhaled toxins is the barrier formed by the tracheobronchial epithelium, making this the ideal region for studying the toxicity […]
482

CELLULAR RESPONSES OF PRIMARY HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS TO WHOLE CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE.

This study by researchers at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway human airway in vitro tissue model combined with the Vitrocell system provided a more physiologically relevant model for studying the effects of cigarette smoke exposure. Rationale: Traditional approaches towards examining the cellular effects of cigarette smoke exposure in vitro have largely relied on the […]
481

EXPOSURE OF A MULTI-CELLULAR IN VITRO MODEL OF HUMAN AIRWAY TISSUE TO WHOLE CIGARETTE SMOKE.

This study by researchers at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirwayFT (“full thickness”) human airway in vitro tissue model is a more appropriate physiological model of lung parenchymal tissue than monolayer airway epithelial cell cultures for the analysis of the mechanisms associated with smoking related disease such as inflammation and tissue remodeling and repair. Rationale: […]
359

IDENTIFICATION OF INTELLIGENT BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND HARM IN THE RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL TO TOBACCO SMOKE COMPONENTS.

This study by researchers in the Cardiff University School of Biosciences (Wales/UK) demonstrated how MatTek’s EpiAirway in vitro human tracheal/ bronchial tissue equivalent can be used to study the early gene response of human respiratory epithelia to tobacco smoke component exposure. A novel toxicological tool, which consists of a differentiated, 3-D, in vitro model of […]
409

DRUG/XENOBIOTIC-METABOLIZING ENZYME (XME) EXPRESSION IN THE EPIAIRWAY IN VITRO HUMAN AIRWAY MODEL: UTILITY FOR ASSESSING TRACHEAL/BRONCHIAL BIOTRANSFORMATION OF INHALED PHARMACEUTICALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS.

This study by MatTek Corp. scientists demonstrated that MatTek’s EpiAirway human airway tissue equivalent possesses numerous in vivo-like xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme (XME) activities and therefore should be useful for evaluating the airway metabolism of drugs, tobacco smoke and environmental/occupational chemicals. Human tracheal/bronchial epithelium contains xenobiotic metabolizing capabilities provided by a variety of phase I (oxidative) […]